Isikhiphi Samanzi Ashisayo Nabandayo: Sisebenza Kanjani

Isingeniso

Ama-dispenser amanzi asevele etholakala emakhaya anamuhla, emahhovisi nasezindaweni zomphakathi, enikeza ukufinyelela okulula emanzini ashisayo nabandayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sezindlela zendabuko zokubilisa noma zokuqandisa. I -dispenser yamanzi ashisayo nabandayo iyithuluzi elenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ngezigaba ezimbili zokushisa ezihlukene: amanzi abandayo ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-4°C no-10°C kanye namanzi ashisayo aphakathi kuka-85°C no-95°C. Lawa madivayisi aklanywe ukuze ahlanganiswe kalula empilweni yansuku zonke, anikeze ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, inhlanzeko, kanye nokulula kokusetshenziswa. Ukuqonda ukuthi la ma-dispenser asebenza kanjani kudinga ukuhlolisisa izimiso zawo zemishini, zikagesi, kanye ne-thermodynamic.

Ukuvela kwezinto ezikhipha amanzi kuqale ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho amasistimu okulethwa kwamanzi asemabhodleleni athola ukuduma. Namuhla, ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa amamodeli e-countertop, amayunithi azimele, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenzisa (i-POU) ezixhunywe ngqo kumthombo wamanzi. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesikhipha amanzi ashisayo nabandayo, sigxile ezingxenyeni zaso eziyinhloko, izindlela zokupholisa nokushisisa, izinqubo zokuwakhipha, izici zokuphepha, nezidingo zokunakekela. Ngokuhlukanisa lezi zici, singajabulela inhlanganisela yefiziksi elula nobunjiniyela obuthuthukisiwe obunika amandla lolu lwazi lwansuku zonke.

Enhliziyweni yayo, umshini wokukhipha amanzi ashisayo nabandayo usebenza ngezimiso zokudlulisa ukushisa, ukuguquguquka koketshezi, nezinhlelo zokulawula ugesi. Amanzi atholakala ebhodleleni elishintshwayo noma ekuxhumekeni okuqondile kwamapayipi, bese acutshungulwa ngezindlela ezihlukene zokushisisa nokupholisa. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-dispenser kuncike ku-insulation, izinzwa, nama-compressor agcina amazinga okushisa afunekayo ngenkathi enciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizohlukanisa lezi zinqubo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo, sinikeze ukubuka konke kobuchwepheshe okufanele onjiniyela, ochwepheshe, kanye nabasebenzisi abafisa ukwazi ngokufanayo.

 

Izingxenye Eziyisisekelo Zomshini Wokukhipha Amanzi Ashisayo Nabandayo

I-dispenser ejwayelekile yamanzi ashisayo nabandayo inezingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile ezisebenza ngokuvumelana ukuletha amanzi alawulwa amazinga okushisa. Isakhiwo esiyinhloko sihlanganisa i-reservoir noma uhlelo lwethangi, oluhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezishisayo nezibandayo. Kumamodeli asemabhodleleni, ibhodlela elikhulu lepulasitiki (ngokuvamile amagaloni ama-5 noma amalitha ayi-19) liguqulwa phezulu kwe-dispenser, okuvumela amandla adonsela phansi ukuthi afake amanzi ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi zangaphakathi. Kumamodeli e-POU, amanzi angena ngohlelo lokuhlunga oluxhunywe ekunikezelweni kwamandla amakhulu.

Ithangi lamanzi abandayo ngokuvamile lenziwa ngensimbi engagqwali noma ipulasitiki yezinga lokudla, evalekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungena kokushisa. Iphethe umthamo wamanzi apholiswa ngokuqhubekayo. Ngokufanayo, ithangi lamanzi ashisayo, elivame ukuba mancane ngomthamo, lidizayinelwe ngezinto zokufudumeza kanye nokwahlukanisa ukuze kugcinwe ukushisa. Womabili amathangi afakwe izinzwa ezingeni ukuze abone amazinga amanzi futhi avimbele ukuchichima noma ukusebenza okomile.

Izingxenye zikagesi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Iyunithi yokuphakela amandla iguqula amandla kagesi e-AC abe amazinga adingekayo okucindezela, ama-heater, namabhodi okulawula. Isistimu yokulawula, ngokuvamile eyibhodi yesifunda esekelwe ku-microcontroller, iqapha amazinga okushisa ngama-thermistors noma ama-thermocouples ashumekwe emathangeni. Lezi zinzwa zinikeza impendulo yokulawula imijikelezo yokushisisa nokupholisa, iqinisekisa ukuphuma okungaguquki.

Ukwengeza, i-dispenser ifaka ama-valve akhiphayo noma ompompi, ngokuvamile inkinobho yokusunduza noma i-lever-operated, elawula ukugeleza kwamanzi ethangini ngalinye. Amathreyi okudonsa amanzi aqoqa noma yikuphi ukuchitheka, futhi amalambu e-UV noma amajeneretha e-ozone angase afakwe kumamodeli athuthukisiwe wokuvalwa inzalo. I-casing yangaphandle, eyenziwe ngepulasitiki ehlala isikhathi eside noma insimbi, igcina lezi zangaphakathi kuyilapho inikeza ukukhanga kobuhle nezinto zokusebenzelana komsebenzisi njengezinkomba ze-LED zesimo sezulu.

Ukuqonda lezi zingxenye kubalulekile njengoba zakha isisekelo sokusebenza kwe-dispenser. Isibonelo, izinto zokufakelwa, njenge-polyurethane foam, zinciphisa ukuguquguquka kokushisa, okuvumela isistimu ukuthi igcine amazinga okushisa ngokufaka okuncane kwamandla. Lo mklamo awugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kodwa futhi uthobelana namazinga wamandla afana nalawo avela ku-ENERGY STAR.

 

I-Cooling Mechanism: Izimiso Zokuqandisa Emsebenzini

Isistimu yokupholisa emshinini okhipha amanzi ashisayo nabandayo incike esiqandisini sokucindezela umhwamuko, umjikelezo we-thermodynamic osetshenziswa kakhulu eziqandisini nasezintweni zomoya. Le nqubo ibandakanya izigaba ezine eziyinhloko: ukuminyanisa, ukuminyanisa, ukunwetshwa, kanye nokuhwamuka, okwenziwa lula igesi eyisiqandisi efana ne-R-134a noma ezinye izindlela ezivumelana nemvelo njenge-R-600a.

Emgogodleni kune-compressor, iphampu kagesi eqhutshwa yinjini ecindezela umhwamuko oyisiqandisi, okwandisa ukucindezela kwawo nezinga lokushisa. Leli gesi elinomfutho ophezulu libe seligeleza liye ku-condenser, ikhoyili yeshubhu etholakala ngemuva noma ngaphansi kwe-dispenser. Lapha, ukushisa kukhishwa emoyeni we-ambient ngokusebenzisa i-convection yemvelo noma ukuphoqelelwa yisiphephetha-moya, okubangela ukuthi isiqandisi sijiye sibe esimweni soketshezi.

Isiqandisi esiwuketshezi sidlula ku-valve yokwandisa noma ishubhu le-capillary, lapho sithola khona ukwehla kwengcindezi kungazelelwe, okuholela ekuhwamukeni okuyingxenye kanye nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa okuphawulekayo. Le ngxube ebandayo ingena kumakhoyili e-evaporator, asongwe noma acwiliswe ethangini lamanzi abandayo. Njengoba isiqandisi sihwamuka ngokugcwele, sidonsa ukushisa emanzini azungezile, sisipholise. Umhwamuko ubuyela ku-compressor, uqedela umjikelezo.

Ukulawulwa kwe-Thermostatic kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukupholisa kusebenza kuphela uma kunesidingo. Inzwa ye-thermostat ethangini elibandayo itshela i-compressor ukuthi isebenze lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka ngaphezu kwendawo ebekiwe, ngokuvamile engu-10°C, futhi yenze kungasebenzi uma isifinyelele ku-4°C. Lokhu kugibela ibhayisekili u-off, okwaziwa ngokuthi i-bang-bang control, kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kodwa kungaholela ekuguquguqukeni okuncane kwezinga lokushisa.

Mayelana nokusebenza kahle, i-coefficient of performance (COP) yalezi zinhlelo icishe ibe ngu-2-3, okusho ukuthi kuyo yonke iyunithi yokufaka amandla kagesi, amayunithi okushisa angu-2-3 akhishwa emanzini. Izinto ezifana nezinga lokushisa le-ambient, ikhwalithi yokuhlukanisa, kanye nokushajwa kwesiqandisi kuyathinta lokhu. Amamodeli athuthukile ahlanganisa ama-compressor ashintshashintshayo ukuze asebenze kahle nokonga amandla okungcono.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ohlelweni lokupholisa zihlanganisa ukuvuza kwesiqandisi, okunciphisa amandla okupholisa, noma ukwehluleka komcindezela ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile. Ukunakekela njalo, njengokuhlanza amakhoyili e-condenser ukuze kukhishwe uthuli, kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle. Ngokuqonda lo mjikelezo wesiqandisi, abasebenzisi bangaxazulula izinkinga ezijwayelekile njengokupholisa okunganele, okuvamise ukulandelelwa ukugeleza komoya okuvinjiwe noma amaleveli esiqandisi aphansi.

 

I-Heating Mechanism: Ukumelana Nogesi kanye Nokulawula Ukushisa

Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlangothi lokupholisa, indlela yokushisisa isebenzisa ukushisisa okuqondile kukagesi ukuze kukhuphule izinga lokushisa kwamanzi. Ithangi lamanzi ashisayo liqukethe isifudumezi esisodwa noma eziningi zokucwiliswa, ngokuvamile ezilinganiselwe phakathi kuka-500W no-1500W, ezenziwe ngentambo ye-nichrome ehlanganiswe ngaphakathi kweshede evikelayo. Uma ugesi ugeleza ocingweni, ukumelana kukhiqiza ukushisa ngomthetho we-Joule (P = I²R), lapho u-P engamandla, mina eyamanje, kanye no-R ukumelana.

Amanzi angena ethangini elishisayo esuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi enkulu noma emugqeni wokuphakela, awugcwalise aze afike ezingeni elinqunywe kusengaphambili elilawulwa yi-valve yokuntanta noma i-solenoid. I-heater iyasebenza, ngokushesha ilethe amanzi ezingeni lokushisa elifunayo. I-insulation ezungeze ithangi kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, futhi i-thermostat igcina izinga lokushisa ngokuhambisa i-heater ngebhayisikili futhi iyivale.

Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokushisisa. Ukushisa ngokweqile kungaholela ekushiseni noma ekuqhumeni kwethangi, ngakho-ke izinto ezihambisa amanzi zihlanganisa ama-thermostat e-bi-metallic noma ama-thermal cut-off aphazamisa amandla uma amazinga okushisa eqa imikhawulo ephephile, cishe ku-100°C. Amanye amamodeli asebenzisa ama-heaters we-positive temperature coefficient (PTC), azilawula ngokwawo ngokukhuphula ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, avimbele ukushisa ngokweqile.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ekushisiseni kubalwa ngokusekelwe kumthamo othile wokushisa wamanzi (4.184 J/g°C). Ukushisa ilitha elingu-1 lamanzi ukusuka ku-20°C ukuya ku-90°C kudinga cishe u-292 kJ, noma cishe u-0.081 kWh ngo-100% osebenza kahle, nakuba izibalo zomhlaba wangempela ziphezulu ngenxa yokulahlekelwa. Izindlela zokulinda zigcina amanzi eshisa ngokufudumeza okuphakathi, kudla u-0.5-1 kWh ngosuku.

Ukuhlanganiswa nesistimu iyonke kuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcoliswa okunqamula phakathi kwezindlela ezishisayo nezibandayo. Amashubhu ahlukene nama-valve avimbela ukuxubana okushisayo, agcine amazinga okushisa ahlukene. Ezinhlelweni ze-POU, amanzi angenayo angase adlule kuzihlungi ezifana nekhabhoni ecushiwe noma ulwelwesi lwe-osmosis oluhlehlisayo ngaphambi kokungena emathangeni, asuse ukungcola futhi athuthukise ukunambitheka.

 

Uhlelo Lokukhipha: I-Fluid Dynamics kanye ne-User Interface

Ukukhipha amanzi kuhlanganisa izimiso ze-fluid dynamics ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza okubushelelezi, okulawulwayo. Uma umsebenzisi enza kusebenze umpompi obandayo noma oshisayo, ivalvu iyavuleka, evumela amandla adonsela phansi noma ukucindezela ukuze kuqhubekisele phambili amanzi ngokusebenzisa izipowuthi ezizinikele. Kumamodeli amabhodlela, ingcindezi yomkhathi iyalingana ngeshubhu lokungenisa umoya, ivimbele ukukhiya kwevacuum.

Amazinga okugeleza avame ukuba amalitha angu-1-2 ngomzuzu, alawulwa ububanzi be-nozzle nokucindezela kwekhanda lethangi. Ama-valve e-Solenoid kumayunithi athuthukile ahlinzeka ngokulawula kwe-elekthronikhi, okwenza izici zisebenze njengokukhipha okulinganiselwe kwezinkomishi noma amabhodlela. Izindlela zokukhiya izingane kompompi abashisayo zisebenzisa izinsimbi ezilayishwe intwasahlobo ukuze zinqande ukwenza kusebenze ngengozi.

Okusetshenziswa kubonwa ngokuvamile kufaka phakathi izibani ezikhomba amandla, isimo sokushisisa/ukupholisa, nezixwayiso zamanzi aphansi. Amaphaneli azwela ukuthinta noma izinkinobho zisebenzisana nebhodi lokulawula, elicubungula okokufaka futhi lilawule okuphumayo ngokudlulisela imali.

Ukuhlanzeka kugcinwa ngezingubo zokulwa namagciwane kuma-spouts kanye nokuvalwa kwe-UV emathangeni, kunciphisa ukukhula kwamagciwane. Amathreyi aconsayo anama-grates avumela ukuhlanzwa kalula, futhi amanye amamodeli anezinhlelo zokuzikhipha emanzini.

 

Izici Zokuphepha Nokuthotshelwa Kwemithetho

Ubunjiniyela bokuphepha kuma -dispenser amanzi bubhekana nezingozi zikagesi, ezishisayo, kanye nezemvelo. Ama-GFCI avimbela ukushaqeka, kuyilapho izintambo ezivikelwe zivimbela ama-short circuits. Ama-fuse okushisa kanye nama-valve okusiza ukucindezela avikela ithangi elishisayo.

Ukuthobela izindinganiso ezifana ne-UL (Underwriters Laboratories) noma i-NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) iqinisekisa ukuthi izinto azinabo ubuthi futhi amasistimu awavuzi. Izilinganiso zokusebenza kahle kwamandla ziqondisa abathengi ezindlekweni zokusebenza.

 

Isondlo nokuxazulula inkinga

Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kwandisa impilo yomkhiqizi. Ukuhlanza amathangi ngekota ngezixazululo zeviniga kususa isikali, kuyilapho ukubuyisela izihlungi kuvimbela ama-clogs. Ukuxazulula inkinga kuhilela ukuhlola izinsiza zikagesi ukuthi azikho izinkinga ezingasebenzi, ukuhlola amakhoyili ukuhluleka kokupholisa, noma ukuhlola izifudumezi ngezinkinga zokushisisa.

Amaphutha ajwayelekile ahlanganisa i-thermostat drift, okuholela emazingeni okushisa angalungile, noma ukuvuza kwamavalvu okubangela ukuvuza. Ukusevisa okuphrofeshinali kunconywa ezindabeni zesiqandisi.

 

Isiphetho

Abahlinzeki bamanzi ashisayo nabandayo bayisibonelo sokuphatha okushisayo okusebenzayo ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo. Ngokuhlanganisa isiqandisi, ukufudumeza, nokulawula izinhlelo, zinikeza ukufinyelela okuthembekile emanzini alawulwa izinga lokushisa. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, lindela izici ezihlakaniphile njengokuxhumeka kwe-IoT ukuze kuqashwe kude. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kunikeza abasebenzisi amandla okuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa nokugcina amadivaysi abo ngempumelelo.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela esebenza ngayo i-dispenser yamanzi ashisayo nabandayo , ungavakashela i-Olansi ku- https://www.olansgz.com/how-does-a-reverse-osmosis-hot-and-cold-water-dispenser-work/ ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.